Introduction to Microcontrollers
· While the rest of the people were wondering what was going on, the plotters split in two groups - “software-oriented” and “hardware-oriented”. While the software group was developing gradually, the hardware-oriented people invented transistors.
· Integrated circuits and processors appeared soon. Ordinary people got hold of computers and computer times began to appear.
· And then hobbyists and professionals thought somewhat different” Why should not we make a universal component? A cheap, universal integrated circuit that could be programmed and used in any field of electronics, device or wherever needed? Then they got united and the first integrated circuit was designed and called the MICROCONTROLLER (uC).
What is a microcontroller?
They are what their name suggests. The controller of operations, logics, activities etc. Today they can be found in almost any complex electronic device for eg CAR stereo system, calculators, watches etc. They are programmable, cheap, small, convenient, require negligible power, and there are so many varieties to suit every need. This is what makes them so useful for robotics - they are like tiny affordable computers that you can put right onto your robot.
On the basis of these rules, numerous types of microcontrollers were designed and they quickly became man's invisible companion. Their incredible simplicity and flexibility conquered us a long time ago and if you try to invent something about them, you should know that you are probably late, someone before you has either done it or at least has tried to do it.
How do we work with microcontrollers?
1. Power supply is very much required.
2. Computer works on OS, it works on software which we load.
3. Everything works at lightning speed! The control logic unit keeps everything under control.
4. Quartz crystal operates. What we commonly say as crystal.
5. I/O ports. Source of interaction with environment.
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